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== Briar ==
== Materials ==
 
=== Briar ===


{{Main|Briar}}
{{Main|Briar}}
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=== Alternative Woods Used For Pipemaking ===
 
== Alternative Woods Used For Pipe making ==
 
Although briar pipes are by far the most popular, various other woods are also used by pipe makers (one example would be cherry wood). See [[Alternative Woods Used For Pipe making ]] for a list of the many  wood types and examples of pipes made with these woods. Many thanks to pipe maker [[Elie]] for suggesting this section. Also see [[Pipes in Other Woods]] an article written for The Collector by [[Tim Fuller]].
 
Also see [http://www.pipe-aqualong.com/tradizioni.html Vecchie tradizioni contadine]


Also see [[Pipe_Making#Other_Materials|Other Materials]].
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== Meerschaum ==
=== Meerschaum ===


{{Main|Meerschaum}}
{{Main|Meerschaum}}
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=== Morta ===
 
== Morta ==


{{Main|Morta}}
{{Main|Morta}}
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=== Clay ===


== Clay ==
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[[Image:pollockclaypipes1.jpg|thumb|Fox & Grapes, [[Pollock Clay Pipes]]]]
=== Porcelain ===


The topic of [[clay pipe]]s is very extensive. Therefore here only in a nutshell: clay in this case is almost always a very fine white clay. Low-quality "clay" pipes are actually made from porcelain forming techniques known as slip, and poured into a mold. These are porous, of very low quality, and impart unwanted flavors to a smoke. Top-notch clays, on the other hand are made in a labor-intensive process that requires beating all air out of the clay, hand-rolling each pipe before molding it, piercing with a fine wire, and careful firing. Traditionally, clay pipes are unglazed.
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Clays burn "hot" in comparison to other types of pipes, so they are often difficult for most pipe-smokers to use. Their proponents claim that, unlike other materials, a well-made clay pipe gives a "pure" smoke, with no flavor addition from the pipe bowl. In addition to aficionados, reproductions of historical clay styles are used by some Historical re-enactors.
=== Pipestone ===


Clay pipes were once considered disposable items and the large quantities discarded in the past are often used as an aid in dating by industrial archaeologists.
[[File:Pipestone.jpg|thumb|200px|Pipestone Pipe, courtesy Minnesota Historical Society Collection]]


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The following excerpt is from Ben Rapaport's article, '''[[In Pipestone. A puzzling pipe of improvisational ingenuity]]'''.


== Porcelain ==
<blockquote><q>Stone pipes have always been associated with the prehistoric peoples of North America. Specimens from as far back as 2,000 years ago have been encountered throughout the United States in argillite, pipestone, sandstone, soapstone and steatite. Pipestone is a hard, fine-grained, red clay, a type of argillite that ranges in color from mottled pink to brick red, and to rarer colors, such as mottled yellow, green, blue, brown, gray and black (steatite). And it is soft enough to file down with flint tools. It’s extremely durable, withstands intense heat, and doesn’t crack in the sunlight, so it can last for generations.</q></blockquote>


[[Image:Meissen .jpg|thumb|200px|This pipe head in the Rococo style was made by Meissen about 1760. Courtesy [http://www.racineandlaramie.com/ Racine & Laramie Tobacconist]]]
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The first type of porcelain produced by Johann Friedrich Böttger was a refined and extremely hard red stoneware known in Germany as Böttgersteinzeug. It retained very crisp definition in its cast and on applied details. The Bottgersteinzeug could be polished to a gloss before firing. Models were derived from Baroque silver shapes and Chinese ceramic examples. Meissen's production of a hard paste white porcelain that could be glazed and painted soon followed, and wares were put on the market in 1713.  Multicolour enamelled painting was introduced by Johann Gregorius Höroldt in 1723, with an increasingly broad palette of colors that marked the beginning of the classic phase of Meissen Porcelain. See [[Meissen Porcelain]] for additional information on Porcelain pipes.
=== Aztec Ceramic ===


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[[File:Aztec-R&L.jpg|thumb|Circa 1500 Aztec Earthenware pipe with white decoration, courtesy [http://www.racineandlaramie.com/ Racine & Laramie Tobacconist]]]


== Pipestone ==
The article "[[Aztec Ceramic]]" first appeared on Smokingpipes.com here: [https://www.smokingpipes.com/smokingpipesblog/single.cfm/post/the-mayans-tobacco The Mayans & Tobacco, November 9, 2018 by Chuck Stanion in Pipe Line] and serves as an interesting introduction to the origins of this very interesting pipe recently acquired by [http://www.racineandlaramie.com/ Racine & Laramie Tobacconist].


[[File:Pipestone.jpg|thumb|200px|Pipestone Pipe, courtesy Minnesota Historical Society Collection]]
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The following excerpt is from Ben Rapaport's article, '''[[In Pipestone. A puzzling pipe of improvisational ingenuity]]'''.
=== Calabash ===
 
<blockquote><q>Stone pipes have always been associated with the prehistoric peoples of North America. Specimens from as far back as 2,000 years ago have been encountered throughout the United States in argillite, pipestone, sandstone, soapstone and steatite. Pipestone is a hard, fine-grained, red clay, a type of argillite that ranges in color from mottled pink to brick red, and to rarer colors, such as mottled yellow, green, blue, brown, gray and black (steatite). And it is soft enough to file down with flint tools. It’s extremely durable, withstands intense heat, and doesn’t crack in the sunlight, so it can last for generations.</q></blockquote>
 
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== Calabash ==


[[Image:Gourd09_Right.JPG|thumb|Calabash Gourd Pipe With Meerschaum Bowl Insert & Removable Bamboo Stem Extension Courtesy of Frank]]
[[Image:Gourd09_Right.JPG|thumb|Calabash Gourd Pipe With Meerschaum Bowl Insert & Removable Bamboo Stem Extension Courtesy of Frank]]
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'''Calabash Interpretations''': Also popular with some collectors are Calabash shaped briar pipes, or Calabash interpretations. Fred Heim has written an interesting article on collecting these called [[Calabash, Calabash, Wherefore Art Thou Calabash?]], The Genesis of a Collecting Motif By Fred Heim, with photography by Joe Harb.
'''Calabash Interpretations''': Also popular with some collectors are Calabash shaped briar pipes, or Calabash interpretations. Fred Heim has written an interesting article on collecting these called [[Calabash, Calabash, Wherefore Art Thou Calabash?]], The Genesis of a Collecting Motif By Fred Heim, with photography by Joe Harb.


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== Corncob ==


=== Corncob ===
<revive zone="17" align="left" caption="Many thanks to Missouri Meerschaum Company for their Underwriting support" />
[[File:Diplomat-5th-Avenue-Corn-Cob-Pipe-Straight-1950.jpg|thumb|Diplomat 5th Avenue Straight, courtesy, [http://corncobpipe.com/ Missouri Meerschaum]]]
[[File:Diplomat-5th-Avenue-Corn-Cob-Pipe-Straight-1950.jpg|thumb|Diplomat 5th Avenue Straight, courtesy, [http://corncobpipe.com/ Missouri Meerschaum]]]
[[File:MacArthur corncob.jpg|thumb|left]]
[[File:Country-Gentleman-Corn-Cob-Pipe-Bent-296.jpg|thumb|Country Gentleman Bent, courtesy, [http://corncobpipe.com/ Missouri Meerschaum]]]
[[File:Country-Gentleman-Corn-Cob-Pipe-Bent-296.jpg|thumb|Country Gentleman Bent, courtesy, [http://corncobpipe.com/ Missouri Meerschaum]]]
[[File:MM Pipedia 468x60 Woodworker.jpg|thumb|Pipedia thanks [http://corncobpipe.com/ Missouri Meerschaum] for their underwriting support]]
[[File:MacArthur corncob.jpg|thumb]]


On the other end of the scale, "corncob" pipes made from maize cobs are cheap and effective, even if some regard them as inelegant.  The cobs are first dried for two years.  Then they are hollowed out to make a bowl shape.  The bowls are dipped in a plaster-based mixture and varnished or lacquered on the outside.  Shanks made from pine wood are then inserted into the bowls.  The first and largest manufacturer of corncob pipes is [[Missouri Meerschaum]], located in Washington, Missouri in the United States.[http://www.corncobpipe.com/].  Missouri Meerschaum has produced the pipes since 1869. General Douglas MacArthur and George Lincoln Rockwell were perhaps the most famous smokers of this type of pipe, along with the cartoon characters Popeye and Frosty the Snowman.
On the other end of the scale, "corncob" pipes made from maize cobs are cheap and effective, even if some regard them as inelegant.  The cobs are first dried for two years.  Then they are hollowed out to make a bowl shape.  The bowls are dipped in a plaster-based mixture and varnished or lacquered on the outside.  Shanks made from pine wood are then inserted into the bowls.  The first and largest manufacturer of corncob pipes is [[Missouri Meerschaum]], located in Washington, Missouri in the United States.[http://www.corncobpipe.com/].  Missouri Meerschaum has produced the pipes since 1869. General Douglas MacArthur and George Lincoln Rockwell were perhaps the most famous smokers of this type of pipe, along with the cartoon characters Popeye and Frosty the Snowman.
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Corncob pipes remain popular today because they are inexpensive and require no "break-in" period like briar pipes. For these two reasons, corncob pipes are often recommended as a "Beginners pipe." But, their enjoyment is by no means limited to beginners.  Corncob pipes are equally valued by both learners, and experienced smokers who simply desire a cool, clean smoke. Pipe smokers who wish to sample a wide variety of different tobaccos and blends also might keep a stock of corncobs on hand to permit them to try new flavors without "carryover" from an already-used pipe, or to keep a potentially bad tasting tobacco from adding its flavor to a more expensive or favored pipe.  
Corncob pipes remain popular today because they are inexpensive and require no "break-in" period like briar pipes. For these two reasons, corncob pipes are often recommended as a "Beginners pipe." But, their enjoyment is by no means limited to beginners.  Corncob pipes are equally valued by both learners, and experienced smokers who simply desire a cool, clean smoke. Pipe smokers who wish to sample a wide variety of different tobaccos and blends also might keep a stock of corncobs on hand to permit them to try new flavors without "carryover" from an already-used pipe, or to keep a potentially bad tasting tobacco from adding its flavor to a more expensive or favored pipe.  


For great additional information see [[The Complete Corncob primer]] and [[Missouri Meerschaum Corncob Buying Guide]] courtesy of John Patton (tiltjlp).
For great additional information see:
* [[Missouri Meerschaum]]
* [[The Complete Corncob primer]]  
* [[Missouri Meerschaum Corncob Buying Guide]] courtesy of John Patton (tiltjlp).
* [[Henry Tibbe]]
* [[Missouri Meerschaum Factory Tour]]


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== Metal Pipes ==
=== Metal Pipes ===


[[Image:Metal Pipe.jpg|thumb|Image Courtesy Tony Pringle of Smoking Metal]]
[[Image:Metal Pipe.jpg|thumb|Image Courtesy Tony Pringle of Smoking Metal]]
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An interesting book on the subject: Back From The Ashes, Uncovering The Lost History Of G. L. Hunt and the Falcon Pipe, by K. A. Worth ~ Winner, 2008 Illinois Historical Society Book Award. Available from the author: [http://facebook.com/worthyworkspress Worthy Works Press] and $2.99 Color eBook (Updated and Expanded for 2012) at: [http://www.amazon.com/Back-Ashes-Uncovering-History-ebook/dp/B006VOOFNC/ref=sr_1_5?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1326245898&sr=1-5 Amazon.com.] For more info. see [[Books/Publications]] page...
An interesting book on the subject: Back From The Ashes, Uncovering The Lost History Of G. L. Hunt and the Falcon Pipe, by K. A. Worth ~ Winner, 2008 Illinois Historical Society Book Award. Available from the author: [http://facebook.com/worthyworkspress Worthy Works Press] and $2.99 Color eBook (Updated and Expanded for 2012) at: [http://www.amazon.com/Back-Ashes-Uncovering-History-ebook/dp/B006VOOFNC/ref=sr_1_5?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1326245898&sr=1-5 Amazon.com.] For more info. see [[Books/Publications]] page...


Build your own custom Kirsten Metal Pipe at [http://www.kirstenpipe.com/customize.shtml Kirsten Pipe Company]
Build your own custom Kirsten Metal Pipe at [http://www.kirstenpipe.com/design.html Kirsten Pipe Company]


[[Kirsten Pipe Company]] - An article by Dave Whitney
[[Kirsten Pipe Company]] - An article by Dave Whitney


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=== The pipe (pyrolytic graphite/phenolic resin) ===


== ''[[The pipe]]'' (pyrolytic graphite/phenolic resin) ==
{{Main|The pipe}}


[[File:pipedia_thepipe.jpg|thumb|Billiard Maroon '''''the pipe''''' with white Fashion Stripes, courtesy Billie W. Taylor II, Ph.D]]
[[File:pipedia_thepipe.jpg|thumb|Billiard Maroon '''''the pipe''''' with white Fashion Stripes, courtesy Billie W. Taylor II, Ph.D]]
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See the excellent [http://www.thepipe.info/ the pipe website] by Billie W. Taylor II, Ph.D
See the excellent [http://www.thepipe.info/ the pipe website] by Billie W. Taylor II, Ph.D


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== Brylon (High Temperature Resin and Wood Flour) ==
=== Brylon (High Temperature Resin and Wood Flour) ===


[[File:Lancer.jpg|thumb|Medico Lancer made of Brylon]]
[[File:Lancer.jpg|thumb|Medico Lancer made of Brylon]]
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In 1966, [[S.M. Frank]] developed a material called "Brylon" made of a high temperature resin combined with "wood flour", which is pulverized wood of varying consistency.  The pipes were cheaper and more durable, but heavier in the mouth and had a tendency to smoke hot and wet.  They are still made today, and favored by some for their inability to be burnt out or otherwise damaged without significant effort and the ease of cleaning the pipe.  For more information see [[S.M. Frank]].
In 1966, [[S.M. Frank]] developed a material called "Brylon" made of a high temperature resin combined with "wood flour", which is pulverized wood of varying consistency.  The pipes were cheaper and more durable, but heavier in the mouth and had a tendency to smoke hot and wet.  They are still made today, and favored by some for their inability to be burnt out or otherwise damaged without significant effort and the ease of cleaning the pipe.  For more information see [[S.M. Frank]].


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== References ==
== References ==


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