The Native-American Peace Pipe (or Pipe of Peace). Two Terms Often Used as Symbol, Idiom, and Metaphor: Difference between revisions

Line 228: Line 228:
The year 1774 was significant for two events. Evans & Company, London, manufactured a resuscitator that was designed to revive people who were apparently dead by inserting tobacco smoke into the lungs through the nose or mouth … into the rectum. And a Dr. Houlston of Liverpool published an appropriate rhyme: “Tobacco glyster (enema), breathe and bleed./Keep warm and rub till you succeed./And spare no pains for what you do;/May one day be repaid to you.”  
The year 1774 was significant for two events. Evans & Company, London, manufactured a resuscitator that was designed to revive people who were apparently dead by inserting tobacco smoke into the lungs through the nose or mouth … into the rectum. And a Dr. Houlston of Liverpool published an appropriate rhyme: “Tobacco glyster (enema), breathe and bleed./Keep warm and rub till you succeed./And spare no pains for what you do;/May one day be repaid to you.”  


More interesting is what Dr. Sterling Haynes claimed in his December 2012 article, “Tobacco Smoke Enemas” (BC Medical Journal) referring to our first Americans: “Inspired by an American First Nations custom, tobacco smoke enemas were administered by medical practitioners in the 18th century to treat everything from colds to cholera ….Word of this treatment crossed the water to England, and volunteer medical assistants with the society began to use the procedure to treat half-drowned London citizens who were pulled from the Thames River. Initially the ‘pipe smoker London Medic’ inserted an enema tube with rubber tubing attachments into the victim and blew smoke into the rectum.” Quoting Amanda Pederson: “Blowing smoke up your backside wasn’t always a figure of speech” (bioworld.com).
More interesting is what Dr. Sterling Haynes claimed in his December 2012 article, “Tobacco Smoke Enemas” (''BC Medical Journal'') referring to our first Americans: “Inspired by an American First Nations custom, tobacco smoke enemas were administered by medical practitioners in the 18th century to treat everything from colds to cholera ….Word of this treatment crossed the water to England, and volunteer medical assistants with the society began to use the procedure to treat half-drowned London citizens who were pulled from the Thames River. Initially the ‘pipe smoker London Medic’ inserted an enema tube with rubber tubing attachments into the victim and blew smoke into the rectum.” Quoting Amanda Pederson: “Blowing smoke up your backside wasn’t always a figure of speech” (bioworld.com).


And from tobacco-smoke enemas to a non-smoke inhalantor and the culmination of this story. Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim (1840–1916), an American-British inventor, is best known as the creator of the first automatic machine gun, the Maxim gun. Some called him “the engineer of death.” Maxim held patents on numerous mechanical devices, such as hair-curling irons, a mousetrap, and steam pumps. He laid claim to inventing the lightbulb. He became a naturalized Briton in 1899 and, in 1901, Queen Victoria knighted him for his inventions. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2006.
And from tobacco-smoke enemas to a non-smoke inhalantor and the culmination of this story. Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim (1840–1916), an American-British inventor, is best known as the creator of the first automatic machine gun, the Maxim gun. Some called him “the engineer of death.” Maxim held patents on numerous mechanical devices, such as hair-curling irons, a mousetrap, and steam pumps. He laid claim to inventing the lightbulb. He became a naturalized Briton in 1899 and, in 1901, Queen Victoria knighted him for his inventions. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2006.