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== German clay pipes == | == German clay pipes == | ||
[[Image:Jwc1.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Wiener Kaffeehauspfeife]] by [[J. W. & C.]], courtesy Heinz Brayer Dieken Merenberg Westerwald]] | |||
=== Manufacturers === | === Manufacturers === | ||
* [[Lothar Hein]] clay pipe maker | * [[Lothar Hein]] clay pipe maker in [[Centers of pipe production in Germany#Kannenbäckerland / Westerwald|Hilgert]] | ||
* [[Jens Steuler]] clay pipe maker | * [[Jens Steuler]] clay pipe maker in [[Centers of pipe production in Germany#Kannenbäckerland / Westerwald|Hilgert]] | ||
* [[J. W. & C.]] clay pipe maker | * [[J. W. & C.]] clay pipe maker in [[Centers of pipe production in Germany#Kannenbäckerland / Westerwald|Höhr]] | ||
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== Hungarian clay pipes == | == Hungarian clay pipes == | ||
[[ | [[Image:Selmec.jpg|thumb|150px|Selmec Clay, courtesy Geoffrey Mogilner, [http://www.racineandlaramie.com/ Racine & Laramie Tobacconist]]] | ||
The illustration (to the right) is a 19th century example with the seal of the town of [[Selmec]] on the front. The seal represents two salamanders which legend tells us led residences to the gold deposits. Hammer and pick are also represented. These clays represent an entirely different clay pipe tradition from the English clay pipes. These shapes are based on Turkish clay pipes which entered Europe from the East. | The illustration (to the right) is a 19th century example with the seal of the town of [[Selmec]] on the front. The seal represents two salamanders which legend tells us led residences to the gold deposits. Hammer and pick are also represented. These clays represent an entirely different clay pipe tradition from the English clay pipes. These shapes are based on Turkish clay pipes which entered Europe from the East. | ||
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== Porcelain pipes == | == Porcelain pipes == | ||
[[ | [[Image:Meissen .jpg|thumb|150px|This pipe head in the Rococo style was made by Meissen about 1760. Courtesy [http://www.racineandlaramie.com/ Racine & Laramie Tobacconist]]] | ||
The first type of porcelain produced by Johann Friedrich Böttger was a refined and extremely hard red stoneware known in Germany as Böttgersteinzeug. It retained very crisp definition in its cast and on applied details. The Bottgersteinzeug could be polished to a gloss before firing. Models were derived from Baroque silver shapes and Chinese ceramic examples. Meissen's production of a hard paste white porcelain that could be glazed and painted soon followed, and wares were put on the market in 1713. Multicolour enamelled painting was introduced by Johann Gregorius Höroldt in 1723, with an increasingly broad palette of colors that marked the beginning of the classic phase of Meissen Porcelain. See [[Meissen Porcelain]] for additional information on Porcelain pipes. | The first type of porcelain produced by Johann Friedrich Böttger was a refined and extremely hard red stoneware known in Germany as Böttgersteinzeug. It retained very crisp definition in its cast and on applied details. The Bottgersteinzeug could be polished to a gloss before firing. Models were derived from Baroque silver shapes and Chinese ceramic examples. Meissen's production of a hard paste white porcelain that could be glazed and painted soon followed, and wares were put on the market in 1713. Multicolour enamelled painting was introduced by Johann Gregorius Höroldt in 1723, with an increasingly broad palette of colors that marked the beginning of the classic phase of Meissen Porcelain. See [[Meissen Porcelain]] for additional information on Porcelain pipes. | ||